Analytical Exposition Text
What is it?
An analytical exposition is a sort text which is meant to persuade the readers or listeners that something is the case or important. In persuading the readers or listeners, some supporting ideas or arguments on why the writer’s opinion is important, are presented. Since analytical exposition is popular among scientists, academic community and educated people then you can find this type of text in scientific books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc.
You certainly know that both analytical exposition and hortatory exposition are grouped as argumentative essay. Both present argument to support the thesis. But actually you can see the difference by seeing the generic structure. Analytical exposition ends with paragraph to strengthen the thesis or reiteration while hortatory makes a recommendation for the readers.
Social Function
The social function of analytical exposition text is to persuade the readers or listeners that something is the case or important.
Generic Structure
Thesis
It states the writer’s point of view about the topic being discussed.
Arguments
It consists of point and elaboration. The arguments to support the thesis are developed here.
Arguments are actually the core an analytical exposition. Their absence will just talk nothing, as a thesis must be evaluated.
Reiteration
In this part the writer restates the thesis, just like a conclusive paragraph from the previous statement.
Language Features
Using mental processes to state what the writer or speaker thinks or feels about something e.g.: realize, feel etc.
Using Simple Present Tense e.g. About 50 thousands people die every year in Britain as direct result of smoking.
Using enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the list of given arguments e.g.: firstly, secondly, finally, etc.
Using evaluative language is important to persuade people to agree with the writer’s opinion e.g. valuable, important, better, worst, true, important, clear, believe, obvious etc.
Using emotive words e.g.: worried, alarmed etc.
Using causal conjunction e.g.: because, therefore, consequently, etc.
Using modal verb e.g. We must preserve, etc.
Using passive voice e.g. Ninety percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking
Example
Deforestation and Its Impact on Our Environment
Deforestation is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world today. It refers to the large-scale cutting down of forests for human activities such as farming, housing, and industry. This issue needs serious attention because forests play an important role in keeping the environment balanced and supporting life on Earth.
Firstly, deforestation causes serious damage to natural ecosystems. Forests are home to many animals and plants that depend on trees for food and shelter. When forests are destroyed, these living things lose their habitats and may not survive. For example, many wild animals are forced to move closer to human areas, which often leads to conflict and danger for both animals and people.
Moreover, deforestation contributes to climate change. Trees help absorb carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen. When trees are cut down, more carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere, which increases global warming. In addition, fewer trees mean higher temperatures and less fresh air. As a result, the weather becomes more extreme, with more floods, droughts, and heat waves.
In addition, deforestation affects human life directly. Forests help prevent floods by absorbing rainwater and keeping the soil strong. However, when trees are removed, the soil becomes weak and easy to wash away. Therefore, areas without forests are more likely to experience floods and landslides, especially during heavy rain. This situation can destroy homes, farms, and roads.
However, deforestation often continues because people focus only on short-term benefits, such as economic growth and land use. While development is important, ignoring environmental damage can create bigger problems in the future. Protecting forests does not mean stopping progress, but it means managing natural resources wisely.
In conclusion, deforestation is a serious environmental issue because it harms ecosystems, increases climate problems, and threatens human safety. For these reasons, it deserves careful attention and responsible action to ensure a healthier environment for present and future generations.
Title: Deforestation and Its Impact on Our Environment
1. Thesis
Paragraph 1
“Deforestation is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world today… supporting life on Earth.”
Analysis:
In this part, the writer:
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Introduces the topic of deforestation
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States the writer’s position/opinion that deforestation is a serious environmental problem
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Briefly explains why this issue is important
➡️ This paragraph functions as the thesis, which is the main opinion that will be supported in the following paragraphs.
2. Arguments
Argument 1
Paragraph 2
“Firstly, deforestation causes serious damage to natural ecosystems…”
Analysis:
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Explains the impact of deforestation on animals and plants
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Is supported by a simple example about the loss of habitats
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Uses the logical connector firstly
➡️ This paragraph is the first argument.
Argument 2
Paragraph 3
“Moreover, deforestation contributes to climate change…”
Analysis:
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Explains the relationship between deforestation and global warming
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Provides logical reasons about the role of trees in absorbing carbon dioxide
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Uses the connectors moreover and in addition
➡️ This paragraph functions as the second argument.
Argument 3
Paragraph 4
“In addition, deforestation affects human life directly…”
Analysis:
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Explains the direct impact of deforestation on human life
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Is supported by examples of floods and landslides
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Uses the logical connectors in addition and therefore
➡️ This paragraph is the third argument.
Counter-Argument (Optional)
Paragraph 5
“However, deforestation often continues because people focus only on short-term benefits…”
Analysis:
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Shows another point of view (economic reasons)
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Still maintains the writer’s position
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Uses the connector however
➡️ This paragraph strengthens the argument by showing an opposing view.
Note:
In an analytical exposition text, an opposing view is included to show that the writer recognizes different opinions on the issue. It helps make the argument more balanced and logical. In this text, paragraph 5 explains why some people support deforestation for economic reasons, but the writer does not agree with this view. Instead, it is used to strengthen the main argument by responding to the opposite side.
3. Reiteration
Paragraph 6
“In conclusion, deforestation is a serious environmental issue…”
Analysis:
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Restates the writer’s opinion
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Summarizes the arguments without adding new ideas
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Uses the connector in conclusion
➡️ This paragraph functions as the reiteration, which restates the thesis.
✅ Structure Summary
| Generic Structure |
Paragraph |
| Thesis |
Paragraph 1 |
| Arguments |
Paragraphs 2–5 |
| Reiteration |
Paragraph 6 |
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